The Skin & Hair Stack: GHK-Cu + Melanotan II
Last updated: 2026-02-20
The GHK-Cu and Melanotan II skin and hair stack combines a copper-binding tissue remodeling peptide with a melanocortin receptor agonist to address two of the most visible aspects of appearance and aging: skin quality and hair health. This two-compound protocol targets skin rejuvenation through collagen synthesis and gene expression modulation, while simultaneously promoting skin protection and potential hair growth through melanocortin receptor activation.
GHK-Cu (glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine copper complex) is a naturally occurring tripeptide that declines significantly with age and has been shown to modulate the expression of over 4,000 human genes, shifting activity toward a healthier, more youthful profile. Research by Dr. Loren Pickart demonstrates its ability to stimulate collagen synthesis, promote wound healing, and activate tissue remodeling pathways.[1]
Melanotan II is a synthetic cyclic heptapeptide analog of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) that activates melanocortin receptors (primarily MC1R) in the skin. While most recognized for its tanning effects, Melanotan II also activates melanocortin receptors in hair follicles, and research suggests potential benefits for hair growth through MC1R-mediated pathways.[2]
This guide covers the complete protocol, synergy mechanisms, safety considerations, and research evidence. All information is for educational purposes only. Consult a qualified healthcare professional before beginning any peptide protocol.
Compounds in This Stack
GHK-Cu
Collagen synthesis, tissue remodeling, gene expression modulation, antioxidant
GHK-Cu is a naturally occurring tripeptide-copper complex present in human plasma, saliva, and urine. Plasma levels decline substantially with age—from approximately 200 ng/mL at age 20 to 80 ng/mL by age 60. This age-related decline correlates with decreased skin elasticity, slower wound healing, and reduced tissue regeneration capacity. GHK-Cu has been extensively studied by Dr. Loren Pickart, who has characterized its remarkable ability to modulate gene expression across thousands of genes.[1]
Mechanism in this stack: GHK-Cu serves as the primary skin rejuvenation and collagen-building agent. It stimulates collagen synthesis (types I and III), promotes decorin production for proper collagen fibril assembly, attracts immune cells for tissue remodeling, upregulates superoxide dismutase (antioxidant defense), and suppresses pro-inflammatory genes (TGF-beta, TNF-alpha). For skin specifically, it improves elasticity, reduces fine lines, accelerates wound healing, and promotes healthier, thicker skin. For hair, GHK-Cu stimulates hair follicle cells and has been shown to increase hair follicle size in preclinical studies.
| Parameter | Detail |
|---|---|
| Injectable Dosage | 1–2 mg per day (subcutaneous) |
| Topical Dosage | Serum or cream with 1–3% GHK-Cu concentration |
| Administration | Subcutaneous injection and/or topical application |
| Frequency | Daily (injectable cycles 8–12 weeks; topical can be ongoing) |
| Dual-Route Option | Many protocols use both injectable (systemic) and topical (local) simultaneously |
Melanotan II
Melanocortin receptor agonist, skin pigmentation, UV protection, hair growth potential
Melanotan II (MT-II) is a synthetic cyclic heptapeptide analog of alpha-MSH that acts as a non-selective melanocortin receptor agonist. It activates MC1R (melanogenesis/skin), MC3R (energy homeostasis), MC4R (appetite/sexual function), and MC5R (sebaceous gland function). While primarily recognized for its ability to induce skin tanning without UV exposure, Melanotan II’s activation of melanocortin receptors in hair follicles has generated interest for its potential hair-related benefits.[2]
Mechanism in this stack: Melanotan II activates MC1R in melanocytes, stimulating melanin production (eumelanin) which darkens skin pigmentation and provides natural photoprotection. This melanin acts as a biological sunscreen, absorbing UV radiation and reducing UV-induced DNA damage—a primary driver of skin aging (photoaging). For hair, MC1R activation in hair follicle melanocytes may promote hair pigmentation and support hair growth signaling. Additionally, Melanotan II activates MC5R on sebaceous glands, potentially improving scalp environment through sebum regulation.
| Parameter | Detail |
|---|---|
| Loading Dosage | 100–250 mcg per day (first 2–4 weeks) |
| Maintenance Dosage | 100–250 mcg every 2–4 days (or as needed to maintain) |
| Administration | Subcutaneous injection |
| Onset of Tanning | Noticeable pigmentation within 1–2 weeks |
| UV Exposure | Minimal UV exposure accelerates tanning response; avoid burning |
How They Work Together
The GHK-Cu and Melanotan II skin and hair stack combines structural skin improvement with biological photoprotection and melanocortin-driven hair support. These peptides work through different mechanisms that complement each other for comprehensive skin and hair health.
Skin Rejuvenation: Structure + Protection
Skin aging is driven by two primary processes: intrinsic aging (collagen loss, reduced cell turnover) and extrinsic aging (UV damage, oxidative stress). GHK-Cu and Melanotan II each address one of these processes:
- GHK-Cu → Intrinsic aging: Stimulates collagen synthesis, promotes tissue remodeling, and shifts gene expression toward a youthful profile. Addresses the structural deterioration of skin from within.[1]
- Melanotan II → Extrinsic aging: Increases melanin production, providing a biological sunscreen that absorbs UV radiation before it can damage collagen, elastin, and DNA. Protects the collagen that GHK-Cu is building.[2]
This complementary approach means GHK-Cu repairs and rebuilds the skin’s structural matrix while Melanotan II protects it from the primary environmental factor (UV) that breaks it down. The result is both rejuvenation and preservation.
Hair Growth: Follicle Stimulation + Melanocortin Activation
Both compounds may support hair health through distinct mechanisms. GHK-Cu has been shown to increase hair follicle size and stimulate follicular cell proliferation in preclinical studies—it is already a common ingredient in topical hair growth products. Melanotan II’s activation of MC1R and MC5R in hair follicles and sebaceous glands may provide additional follicular signaling that complements GHK-Cu’s direct trophic effects. While the evidence for Melanotan II as a primary hair growth agent is limited, its melanocortin receptor activity provides a plausible supplementary mechanism.
Antioxidant Synergy
Both compounds contribute to antioxidant defense in the skin. GHK-Cu upregulates superoxide dismutase (SOD) and other antioxidant enzymes, directly neutralizing reactive oxygen species. Melanin (produced by Melanotan II) absorbs UV-generated free radicals before they can cause oxidative damage. This dual antioxidant layer provides more comprehensive protection against oxidative skin aging than either approach alone.
Practical Synergy: Injectable + Topical
A practical advantage of this stack is the ability to use GHK-Cu both systemically (injectable for overall skin health, hair health, and gene expression) and topically (applied directly to the face, neck, or scalp for concentrated local effects). Combined with Melanotan II’s injectable systemic effects on melanogenesis, this creates a multi-route protocol with both systemic and targeted local benefits.
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Protocol & Dosage Schedule
Dosage Schedule
| Phase | GHK-Cu | Melanotan II | Duration |
|---|---|---|---|
| Loading Phase | 1–2 mg/day SC + topical daily | 100–250 mcg/day SC | Weeks 1–4 |
| Active Phase | 1–2 mg/day SC + topical daily | 100–250 mcg every 2–4 days | Weeks 5–8 |
| Maintenance | Topical daily (injectable optional) | 100–250 mcg weekly or as needed | Weeks 9–12+ |
Cycle Length
GHK-Cu injectable cycles are typically 8–12 weeks with 4-week breaks, though topical GHK-Cu can be used continuously and indefinitely. Melanotan II loading lasts 2–4 weeks (daily dosing), after which maintenance dosing (1–2 times per week) sustains the desired pigmentation level. Some users maintain Melanotan II indefinitely at low maintenance doses, while others cycle seasonally (loading before summer, maintaining during sun exposure months). The stack can be run together for 8–12 weeks, then shifted to a maintenance regimen.
Timing & Administration
GHK-Cu injectable timing: Administer subcutaneously once daily at any time. No fasting requirement. Injection in the abdominal area is standard for systemic distribution. For hair-specific goals, some protocols inject subcutaneously in the scalp area, though this has not been validated in clinical studies.
GHK-Cu topical timing: Apply to clean, dry skin in the evening (before bed). Skin repair processes peak during sleep, making evening application optimal. Apply to the face, neck, décolletage, hands, or any area where skin improvement is desired. For hair, apply to the scalp. GHK-Cu topical can be used daily, continuously, without cycling.
Melanotan II timing: Administer subcutaneously in the evening, as nausea (the most common side effect) is more manageable when it occurs during sleep. Start with the lowest dose (100 mcg) to assess tolerance before increasing. Brief sun exposure (10–15 minutes) enhances the tanning response but is not strictly required—Melanotan II can darken skin without UV exposure, though the effect is slower and less pronounced.
Sample daily schedule (loading phase):
- 7:00 AM – GHK-Cu 1–2 mg subcutaneous (abdomen)
- Midday (optional) – 10–15 minutes of moderate sun exposure (avoid burning)
- 9:00 PM – GHK-Cu topical serum applied to face, neck, and/or scalp
- 10:00 PM – Melanotan II 100–250 mcg subcutaneous
- 10:30 PM – Sleep (minimizes nausea perception)
What to Expect
Skin and hair improvements from this stack are among the most visually noticeable of all peptide protocols. GHK-Cu produces gradual structural improvements, while Melanotan II’s tanning effect is visible within the first 1–2 weeks. Hair changes take the longest, typically requiring 2–3 months for noticeable improvement.
| Timeframe | Expected Observations |
|---|---|
| Week 1 | Improved skin hydration and glow from GHK-Cu. Initial darkening of freckles and moles from Melanotan II (melanin-rich areas darken first). Possible mild nausea from Melanotan II (typically resolves). Subtle skin texture improvement. |
| Weeks 2–4 | Noticeable skin tanning and pigmentation from Melanotan II. Improved skin texture and reduced fine lines from GHK-Cu. Enhanced wound healing speed. More even skin tone. Skin feels firmer and more elastic. |
| Weeks 5–8 | Significant skin quality improvement: reduced wrinkle depth, improved elasticity, healthier complexion. Desired tan level achieved; transition to Melanotan II maintenance dosing. Early hair quality improvements: stronger, thicker-feeling hair. Improved nail quality (from GHK-Cu’s collagen effects). |
| Weeks 8–12 | Peak skin rejuvenation effects. Measurable improvements in skin elasticity and hydration. Visible reduction in fine lines and age spots. Hair thickness and quality improvements becoming noticeable. Maintained tan on Melanotan II maintenance dose. |
| Months 3–6+ | Continued cumulative skin improvement with ongoing topical GHK-Cu. Hair growth cycle effects becoming apparent (new growth stronger, thicker). Long-term gene expression changes from GHK-Cu producing sustained benefits. Maintenance phase for both compounds. |
Safety & Contraindications
Known Side Effects
GHK-Cu reported side effects:
- Topical: Minimal side effects; occasional mild skin irritation or redness, typically resolving within hours
- Injectable: Mild injection site bruising, localized swelling
- GHK-Cu is a naturally occurring peptide with an excellent safety profile in the published literature[1]
Melanotan II reported side effects:
- Nausea: The most common side effect, especially during loading. Typically mild and resolves with continued use. Evening dosing before sleep minimizes impact.
- Facial flushing: Temporary warmth and redness after injection
- Appetite suppression: MC4R activation can reduce appetite
- Increased libido and spontaneous erections: MC4R activation affects sexual arousal pathways (can be unwanted)
- Mole darkening: Existing moles and nevi may darken significantly—requires monitoring for atypical changes
- Fatigue and drowsiness: Common during loading phase
- New mole formation: Some users report new nevi appearing during use[2]
Contraindications and Cautions
- History of melanoma or atypical moles: This is the most critical contraindication. Melanotan II stimulates melanocyte activity, which is theoretically concerning for individuals with a history of melanoma or dysplastic nevi. While a causal link between Melanotan II and melanoma has not been established, the theoretical risk warrants absolute avoidance in at-risk individuals. Regular dermatological skin checks are recommended for all users.
- Skin cancer history: Any history of skin cancer (melanoma, basal cell, squamous cell) is a contraindication for Melanotan II.
- Pregnancy and breastfeeding: Both compounds are contraindicated during pregnancy and lactation.
- Autoimmune conditions: GHK-Cu modulates immune cell activity. Exercise caution with autoimmune conditions.
- Copper sensitivity or Wilson’s disease: GHK-Cu contains copper. Individuals with Wilson’s disease or copper metabolism disorders should avoid it.
- Cardiovascular conditions: Melanotan II has been reported to cause transient increases in blood pressure in some individuals.
Dermatological Monitoring
All individuals using Melanotan II should:
- Perform monthly self-checks of all moles and skin lesions using the ABCDE criteria (Asymmetry, Border irregularity, Color variation, Diameter >6mm, Evolution/change)
- Obtain a baseline dermatological skin examination before starting Melanotan II
- Schedule follow-up dermatological exams every 6–12 months during and after use
- Photograph all existing moles at baseline for comparison
Important: Neither GHK-Cu nor Melanotan II is FDA-approved for cosmetic skin improvement or hair growth. Melanotan II has been specifically flagged by the FDA and TGA (Australia) as an unregulated product with potential health risks. This information is for educational purposes only. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional and a dermatologist before beginning any protocol involving melanocortin peptides.
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Frequently Asked Questions
References
- Pickart L, Vasquez-Soltero JM, Margolina A. GHK peptide as a natural modulator of multiple cellular pathways in skin regeneration. BioMed Research International, 2015.
- Dorr RT, Lines R, Levine N, et al.. Evaluation of melanotan-II, a superpotent cyclic melanotropic peptide in a pilot phase-I clinical study. Life Sciences, 1996.
- Pickart L, Margolina A. Regenerative and protective actions of the GHK-Cu peptide in the light of the new gene data. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2018.
- Hadley ME, Dorr RT. Melanocortin peptide therapeutics: historical milestones, clinical studies and commercialization. Peptides, 2006.
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Our content is reviewed for accuracy and grounded in peer-reviewed research where available. We do not provide medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional.